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Gametogensis by Elizabeth Jean

Page history last edited by Elizabeth Jean 3 years, 11 months ago

Lab 12: Gametogenesis

By: Elizabeth Jean

 

     In the article, "Nuclear Transplantation, Embryonic Stem Cells, and the Potential for Cell Therapy by Konrad Hochedlinger, Ph.D., and Rudolf Jaenisch, M.D. they talk about different types of cloning, such as Nuclear transfer/nuclear transplantation, reproductive cloning and adult stem cells. It begins by talking about animal cloning and the results they received from that. The reproductive cloning is when you get an cloned embryo, and have it implanted in the uterus of a female. Where as, Nuclear-transplantation therapy is when it's being generated an autologous embryonic stem-cell line that is derived from a cloned embryo, but overall it's being used for tissue replacement. Adult stem cells is where the stems are being taken from adult tissues within the brain, bone marrow, skin, and muscle. Everyone of these have their difficulties because there is a chance of failing, and not much will be successful. In figure 1. "comparison of Normal Development with Development during Reproductive Cloning and Therapeutic Cloning" on page 280,  it shows in details the steps to a successful cloning whether it be from a adult mouse, cloned mouse, or being able to make stems cells for bloods cells, muscle cells or for what the person needs the stem cells for. It also states that generally 1-3 % of cloned blastocysts develop completely, and cows success rate is 10% and the ones that involves embryonic cells such as blastomeres or embryonic stem cells are 10-30%. Overall, they have to work on nuclear reprogramming in order to develop success rate with each type of options they are researching.

 

 

Response, I like the idea of Therapeutic cloning more than reproductive cloning, but of course there will have to be plenty of research and testing to finally have a success rate closer to 100%, I did further research on stem cells. I know when you have a baby and you have the placenta, majority of the time, parents don't get to keep it, I heard a lot of stories how Moms want it still attach to the baby because of the nutrients but they get ignored. I always wonder what the doctors do with the placenta. According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, "The goal of bone marrow transplant is to transfuse healthy bone marrow cells into a person after his or her unhealthy bone marrow has been treated to kill the abnormal cells." It will help people that are fighting diseases such as, leukemia, severe aplastic anemia, lymphomas, multiple myeloma, immune deficiency disorders and some solid-tumor cancers (in rare circumstances). Overall, I like how bone marrow can help treat different disease, but of course with any type of procedure you have complications.

 

 

 

 

 

 

References:

 

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/bone-marrow-transplantation

 

http://web.mit.edu/7.31/restricted/pdfs/Jaenisch_03_NEJM.pdf

 

 

 

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