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Cytosol by Masnoo Adem

Page history last edited by Masnoo Adem 4 years, 2 months ago

Cytosol

by Masnoo Adem

 

Structural characteristics:

The cytosol is the water-based solution found in cells that the organelles, proteins, and other cell structures float in.  It is often described as a hydrophilic jelly-like matrix rather than a liquid. The cytosol allows for free movement of both smaller molecules and larger structures across the cell.The interiors of the organelles that float in the cytosol are not considered to be a part of it. It is a crucial component that provides structural support for these organelles. It contains proteins, amino acids, mRNA, ribosomes, sugars, ions, messenger molecules, and more. The cytosol makes up around 70% of the cell’s total volume.

 

Function:

The cytosol doesn’t have one single function. It provides structural support for the cell and other organelles. It also allows the transport of molecules within the cell. Within the cytosol, many important cellular processes and reactions, especially of metabolic character, occur. Some of these cellular processes include cell division through mitosis and meiosis, the first stage of cellular respiration through glycolysis, and protein synthesis through translation. Glycolysis is the first step in glucose breakdown to obtain energy for cellular metabolism. Additionally, signal transduction occurs in the cytosol. The messenger molecules may spread throughout the cytosol to change the functioning of a variety of things like enzymes, organelles, or DNA transcription. Lastly, prokaryotes don’t have membrane-bound organelles and because of this, most functions of life occur in the cytosol. This includes DNA transcription, DNA replication, and glycolysis.

 

Unique characteristics:

Cytosol has a pH of 7.0-7.4 which is around the same pH as pure water and the human body. It also has the viscosity of water. Additionally, Cytosol contains a high amount of charged molecules. 

Cytosol is also confused with the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is what fills the cell, including all of the content within the cell membrane and nuclear envelope like organelles. The cytosol is what we call the fluid within the cytoplasm. It doesn’t contain any of the organelles of the cell, just the fluid. 

 

 

 

Reference links:

https://biologydictionary.net/cytosol/

https://www.scienceabc.com/pure-sciences/what-is-cytosol-how-is-it-different-from-cytoplasm.html

https://www.proteinatlas.org/humanproteome/cell/cytosol

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-respiration-and-fermentation/glycolysis/a/glycolysis

https://biologyeducare.com/cytoplasm-vs-cytosol/

 

 

 

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